Smoke from Canadian Wildfires Raises Health Concerns and Prompts Precautionary Measures
The Philadelphia region is currently experiencing a severe air quality issue, as multiple wildfires in eastern Canada have caused a “Code Red” alert. The U.S. Air Quality Index (AQI) has reached levels between 151 and 200, indicating that the air is unhealthy to breathe. The primary cause of this hazardous condition is the drift of smoke from the wildfires, which has blanketed the region, spanning from the Lehigh Valley to Philadelphia, the Jersey Shore, and Delaware.
The smoke from the wildfires contains tiny particulate matter known as PM2.5, which is extremely fine and can easily enter the lungs and bloodstream. This particulate matter consists of harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and various chemicals. Prolonged exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to numerous health complications, including respiratory illnesses, asthma, and heart disease.
Dr. Cheryl Bettigole, Philadelphia Health Commissioner, explains the danger associated with this fine particulate matter, stating, “It can get down deep into the lung tissue below that level and it becomes very difficult for the lungs to clean themselves.” She further emphasizes that not only individuals with pre-existing lung conditions but also the general population can experience adverse health effects from such events.
Apart from respiratory issues, wildfire smoke can cause burning eyes, a runny nose, and throat irritation. According to the World Health Organization, fine particulate matter was responsible for approximately 4.2 million premature deaths in 2016 worldwide, highlighting the severity of the issue.
Given the risks involved, health officials advise residents to stay vigilant and pay attention to their bodies. Symptoms such as trouble breathing, nausea, dizziness, or any other concerning health effects should prompt individuals to seek medical attention promptly. The impact of smoke inhalation may not be immediately apparent, and symptoms could manifest later on, particularly for those who engage in physical activity outdoors.
Dr. George Martin, an asthma specialist at Main Line Health, compares breathing the current air quality to smoking several cigarettes a day, highlighting the gravity of the situation. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that people limit their time outdoors and take necessary precautions to minimize exposure.
During a “Code Red” air quality alert, it is advised to stay indoors as much as possible and avoid outdoor activities. Windows and doors should be kept closed, and air conditioning can be used while ensuring the fresh-air intake is closed and the filter is clean. If driving, setting the car’s A/C to “recirculate” helps avoid drawing in outside air.
Indoor pollutants such as burning candles or fireplaces should be avoided, and vacuuming should be postponed to prevent stirring up particles already present inside the home. Smoking tobacco or other substances should be refrained from as it adds further pollution to the air. Lower-intensity workouts are recommended over higher-intensity activities to reduce the amount of unhealthy air inhaled.
Pet owners are advised to keep their pets indoors as much as possible and limit outdoor exposure to short potty breaks. Enrichment activities, such as using kongs and snuffle mats, can help keep pets occupied indoors.
In addition to personal precautions, reducing pollution at the community level is crucial. Avoiding unnecessary car trips, idling, carpooling when possible, and refraining from using gas-powered lawn and garden equipment are some of the steps individuals can take to help decrease pollution levels.
The Philadelphia Health Department is closely monitoring the air quality and will provide updates as necessary. The “Code Red” alert is expected to persist throughout the week, as winds continue to carry smoke from the north
